In Microsoft's own words, not unless you need 64-bit Excel or Project:
(source: Microsoft White Paper: Improving the Reach and Manageability of Microsoft Access 2010 Database Applications with Microsoft Access Services) Our testing has shown that you cannot have a 32-bit and 64-bit version of Microsoft Office installed on the same machine. The reason is likely related to common library conflicts. Whatever the reason, it is important to note that you cannot have Microsoft Office 64-bit installed on a machine that also has Access 2007 or lower installed, which are only in 32-bit form.If you have a current Access database that employs Windows API calls, you will need to add conditional compilation attributes to your applications for 32-bit and 64-bit Office users. To support Office 2010 64-bit users of your application, you will need to preface your "Function" and "Sub" declarations with "PtrSafe" for your project to compile.
If you aren't sure what a Windows API call looks like, we've placed a snapshot below:

Important Note: You don't have to install Office 2010 64-bit if you have a 64-bit processor. While you may lose some performance, the 32-bit version of Office 2010 will work just fine with a 64-bit processor.